Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies

RESEARCH

 

NOAA Strategic Goal 3: Serve Society’s Need for Weather and Water Information

Doppler Weather Radar Research and Development

NSSL Project 5 – Investigation of the Use of Dual-Polarization Radar to Improve Quantitative Precipitation Estimation for Improving Flash Flood and Flood Detection, Warnings, and Forecasts:

Investigation of Microphysical Processes in Clouds and Precipitation Using Polarimetric Radar Measurements

Ryzhkov (primary – CIMMS at NSSL), Kumjian, Schuur

Funding Type: CIMMS Task II

Objectives
Investigate polarimetric signatures in tornadic and nontornadic supercell storms for better understanding microphysical aspects of tornadogenesis.

Accomplishments
Detailed analysis of polarimetric data from nine tornadic and six nontornadic supercell storms has been performed. It reveals a number of distinctive and repetitive polarimetric signatures attributed to different microphysical processes and features in the storms. These signatures are associated with tornadic debris, hail, vertical motions, updraft rotation, and size sorting due to vertical veering of the wind. Especially notable are polarimetric designations of tornadic debris and storm relative helicity (SREH). The latter one is linked to the “arc ZDR” signature, that is, arc-shaped area of differential reflectivity enhancement at the southern edge of the forward-flank downdraft. This signature may serve as a precursor of intense rotation in the storm and indicator of its potential severity.

This project is ongoing.

Publications
Cao, Q., G. Zhang, E. Brandes, T. Schuur, A. Ryzhkov, and K. Ikeda, 2007: Analysis of video disdrometer and polarimetric radar data to characterize rain microphysics in Oklahoma. J. Appl. Meteor., submitted.

Examples of arc ZDR signatures in five supercell storms observed in Oklahoma.

Examples of arc ZDR signatures in five supercell storms observed in Oklahoma. Contours of Z are overlaid.